tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24801912367908554252024-02-07T00:10:08.064-08:00Technology Output!mrsdaaghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12806658424522320211noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2480191236790855425.post-67747025127441378872015-02-27T18:41:00.002-08:002015-03-13T01:44:07.360-07:00Artificial Insemination: The technology of Deep freezing Buffalo Semen<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tEZQzQXhDl0" width="480"></iframe><br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSp4fatUaSj6BVcTBK56BXLRAb6kMqoQRb3FdNBkrXxVTg3VQtDmtRKdFQ67h6LJ7Upfw63PxRRLbVmoZVbjZQRgjxV1aj0k4Xvd58eWN4g4xiIYAi0s1VZ111Em8dX7P8OIdeu9F3Ftf/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSp4fatUaSj6BVcTBK56BXLRAb6kMqoQRb3FdNBkrXxVTg3VQtDmtRKdFQ67h6LJ7Upfw63PxRRLbVmoZVbjZQRgjxV1aj0k4Xvd58eWN4g4xiIYAi0s1VZ111Em8dX7P8OIdeu9F3Ftf/s1600/1.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Artificial insemination is the technique in which semen with living sperms is collected from the male and introduced into female reproductive tract at proper time with the help of instruments. This has been found to result in a normal offspring. In this process, the semen is inseminated into the female by placing a portion of it either in a collected or diluted form into the cervix or uterus by mechanical methods at the proper time and under most hygienic conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Artificial insemination is not merely a novel method of bringing about impregnation in females. Instead, it is a powerful tool mostly employed for livestock improvement. In artificial insemination the germplasm of the bulls of superior quality can be effectively utilized with the least regard for their location in faraway places. By adoption of artificial insemination, there would be considerable reduction in both genital and non-genital diseases in the farm stock.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">There are several advantages by artificial insemination over natural mating or servicing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">There is no need of maintenance of breeding bull for a herd; hence the cost of maintenance of breeding bull is saved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It prevents the spread of certain diseases and sterility due to genital diseases. i.e.: contagious abortion, vibriosis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">By regular examination of semen after collection and frequent checking on fertility make early detection of interior males and better breeding efficiency is ensured.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The progeny testing can be done at an early age.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The semen of a desired size can be used even after the death of that particular sire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The semen collected can be taken to the urban areas or rural areas for insemination.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">7 it makes possible the mating of animals with great differences in size without injury to either of the animal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It is helpful to inseminate the animals that are refuse to stands or accept the male at the time of oestrum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It helps in maintaining the accurate breeding and cawing records.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It increases the rate of conception.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It helps in better record keeping.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Old, heavy and injured sires can be used.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">DISADVANTAGES OF A.I:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Requires well-trained operations and special equipment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Requires more time than natural services.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Necessitates the knowledge of the structure and function of reproduction on the part of operator.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Improper cleaning of instruments and in sanitary conditions may lead to lower fertility.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">If the bull is not properly tested, the spreading of genital diseases will be increased.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Market for bulls will be reduced, while that for superior bull is increased.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">THE TECHNOLOGY OF DEEP FREEZING BUFFALO SEMEN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi82HLG6-GjJ9_4nv-zY34EOxkeDHaVGiBQA-Zuzo3u_EJGIoYb11rFQCAiNjyKEwIxTfFEUNN3B43WW18BM69rZYU0oARxcs5E-D_lMsRTWCnCOZyhp__GJ_pyjwTYSXBLRj3NdFnSc5ch/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi82HLG6-GjJ9_4nv-zY34EOxkeDHaVGiBQA-Zuzo3u_EJGIoYb11rFQCAiNjyKEwIxTfFEUNN3B43WW18BM69rZYU0oARxcs5E-D_lMsRTWCnCOZyhp__GJ_pyjwTYSXBLRj3NdFnSc5ch/s1600/2.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Semen Collection</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Semen from genetically superior bulls are collected using artificial vagina (42-48</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">C)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTKXCXnLpvZvoxPtZ3x_Mp93NZmg0NZakT0RK9Re3WpI3hkt5Y8VzEOOm1BXbUVHtZmu2GyUwcBO0Ie5XKK5iXhO5vPB_qcUCOuC6reECZpuhIwH8V2QrHCv8SAfIRPpm1ovze5DcgxYA1/s1600/3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTKXCXnLpvZvoxPtZ3x_Mp93NZmg0NZakT0RK9Re3WpI3hkt5Y8VzEOOm1BXbUVHtZmu2GyUwcBO0Ie5XKK5iXhO5vPB_qcUCOuC6reECZpuhIwH8V2QrHCv8SAfIRPpm1ovze5DcgxYA1/s1600/3.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Semen Evaluation</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Collected semen will be evaluated visually (color, pH, volume) and microscopically (motility, concentration, morphology)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqUznIfqHf0fkaghyphenhyphenuwXfZ8x_CiiiBR3BQZaH8025_6dOUfO7rLBPLc2bX5bk2AmwJUBOXMzsvkkDL1Lq0-WvIc_BVSvqEuxceYSOQj1rTe8zIQKNCwQG4o38PcvasuyQCIUhsvYBsq5VI/s1600/4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqUznIfqHf0fkaghyphenhyphenuwXfZ8x_CiiiBR3BQZaH8025_6dOUfO7rLBPLc2bX5bk2AmwJUBOXMzsvkkDL1Lq0-WvIc_BVSvqEuxceYSOQj1rTe8zIQKNCwQG4o38PcvasuyQCIUhsvYBsq5VI/s1600/4.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Semen Dilution</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ejaculated semen with good color and with 60% and above motility are diluted with an equal volume of extender initially at 28-32</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">C<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Cooling</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">The extended semen is cooled to 15-20</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt;">°</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">C then to 2-7</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt;">°</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">C. this procedure is done to protect the sperm from cold shock. Table 1 shows the composition of the extender used in the laboratory.</span><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Table 1. Composition of Extender<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 90.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 345.15pt;" valign="top" width="460"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Buffer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Tris hydroxymethyl aminomethane<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3.028g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Citric acid monohydrate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1.675g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fructose<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1.25g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Raffinose<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2.7g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Distilled water<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">100 ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 345.15pt;" valign="top" width="460"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(dissolve the chemicals then bring to boil in water bath for 10-15 minutes)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 345.15pt;" valign="top" width="460"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Extender (100ml)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Buffer solution<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">73ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Egg yolk (20%)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">20ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glycerol (7%)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">7ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Penicillin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">0.03mg/100ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.9pt;" valign="top" width="325"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Streptomycin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.25pt;" valign="top" width="135"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1mg/ml<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Final Dilution</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<div style="border-image: none;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Remaining volume of extender will be added once the initially diluted semen reaches 2-7 </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">C. <i>(Concentration of sperm after dilution is approximately 100 million per ml)</i></span></div>
<div style="border-image: none;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<div style="border-image: none;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidbAqxMuwso5jkT6TGyf1UlZMCWDQcHXTPixVOZMmPy1NYilBEpOByGaG66RfcLLyXAH7ha4dlRMoIQxPiqAgfdrkgSrpB__rLWyG_TGU5ZHJGD6x32sXrdcFh3BH4UHVwdngKI8awsnLp/s1600/5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidbAqxMuwso5jkT6TGyf1UlZMCWDQcHXTPixVOZMmPy1NYilBEpOByGaG66RfcLLyXAH7ha4dlRMoIQxPiqAgfdrkgSrpB__rLWyG_TGU5ZHJGD6x32sXrdcFh3BH4UHVwdngKI8awsnLp/s1600/5.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Filling and Sealing</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<div style="border-image: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Extended semen is filled in 0.5 ml capacity straw bearing the bull name, number and date of processing for identification<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<div style="border-image: none;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9NpLsEzXGRNt7CyLB6X6aXVilAIwyQ-X8806PmCBt6kEumHKIn_9JaxVM4saug_KyhdgdDxWqY3h1iYyZLVvBp1RaaKRcnBjIlgRJX6kDjeBHpX6mi8hgYzDYztqXm9-5g-xImUqnYYkT/s1600/6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9NpLsEzXGRNt7CyLB6X6aXVilAIwyQ-X8806PmCBt6kEumHKIn_9JaxVM4saug_KyhdgdDxWqY3h1iYyZLVvBp1RaaKRcnBjIlgRJX6kDjeBHpX6mi8hgYzDYztqXm9-5g-xImUqnYYkT/s1600/6.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Equilibrium</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Strawed semen is maintained at 2-7</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">C in cooling chamber for at least 4 hours. During this time, the spermatozoa acquire the ability to survive freezing because the glycerol form complexes with water<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYZx5qrA5rVETAA0wUFaauSyGBIkY-Edqnlvt3tmjZuFkKkBfDcriyb0tvZM9Iwep-gAjfPzj6U_n14mUvcfRAuHYmDJFctoem2iDzu65zApwMVU_d-m8ct7pgw-JioJmuzyKML8va1diP/s1600/7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYZx5qrA5rVETAA0wUFaauSyGBIkY-Edqnlvt3tmjZuFkKkBfDcriyb0tvZM9Iwep-gAjfPzj6U_n14mUvcfRAuHYmDJFctoem2iDzu65zApwMVU_d-m8ct7pgw-JioJmuzyKML8va1diP/s1600/7.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Freezing</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">After equilibration the semen in straw is frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor for 5-7 minutes, after which they are immersed into liquid nitrogen at -196</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">C. <i>(use of a simple rapid freezer, FHK, FA1652 is the most common in the country)<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh07hfizS1DSsH2ldFcs0DHXLYDid1HK9F4NQIT_viquLNQGqqAxKNFyiMuPa2fCeb2M6RDTB3c05tfGhg-hi0-pOxF-ORbkRCDxM9NRY8fsTQrtreDQOHZ41wPVrs1nAhTJKWyCUAi7d95/s1600/8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh07hfizS1DSsH2ldFcs0DHXLYDid1HK9F4NQIT_viquLNQGqqAxKNFyiMuPa2fCeb2M6RDTB3c05tfGhg-hi0-pOxF-ORbkRCDxM9NRY8fsTQrtreDQOHZ41wPVrs1nAhTJKWyCUAi7d95/s1600/8.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Post Freezing Evaluation</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Frozen semen samples from each bull are thawed and the percentage of cells exhibiting normal progressive movement is assessed. <i>(Percent post thaw mortality must be at least 30% or approximately about 15 million motile sperm per dose)<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2lir1n_JjXj686hyphenhyphen7ftuJKMZAX1KBmiSv-RgGdFLZAotTPwFvIrEpQ6F330jzOqHym7N3gnaNnKmF5hqX6TNMXhfPzJIpVV3XWTKMeBVLzWHmXPG5p6_7tiqbsgs-FazO1R7jbDL-hpVK/s1600/9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2lir1n_JjXj686hyphenhyphen7ftuJKMZAX1KBmiSv-RgGdFLZAotTPwFvIrEpQ6F330jzOqHym7N3gnaNnKmF5hqX6TNMXhfPzJIpVV3XWTKMeBVLzWHmXPG5p6_7tiqbsgs-FazO1R7jbDL-hpVK/s1600/9.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Storage</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">All frozen semen from each ejaculate that passed the post freezing evaluation will then be transferred to the designated storage tanks assigned for each bull<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigbaOqKnBKIdeVhyp2vZYBrm5d73TTp9MNF-TRSGLMT4iWuTl_9nJkl9rAilY7NJ8oc0oZMee7vDZx9psBpfUV0rco0q4OcdSPan5wAYZMl_gCEbiVcJ8ZND6AD40f5MGhD5peAapqrFmH/s1600/10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigbaOqKnBKIdeVhyp2vZYBrm5d73TTp9MNF-TRSGLMT4iWuTl_9nJkl9rAilY7NJ8oc0oZMee7vDZx9psBpfUV0rco0q4OcdSPan5wAYZMl_gCEbiVcJ8ZND6AD40f5MGhD5peAapqrFmH/s1600/10.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Distribution</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The stored frozen semen is always available for disposal to AI technicians<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
mrsdaaghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12806658424522320211noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2480191236790855425.post-5919773565872513472015-02-27T18:36:00.004-08:002015-02-27T18:36:46.920-08:00About this Blog!<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">well, <b><i>first</i> </b>its a requirement :) </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><i>second</i></b> i am newbie in blogging, </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">so i chose the title close to my assignment :) </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">for easy researching </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">and <b><i>last</i></b>, which is the most important of all, i'm happy and i am learning how to blog because i know that someday, i can be a <b><span style="color: #e06666;">famous blogger</span></b> too :D and earn from this :D <i><b>joke!</b></i></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><i><b><br /></b></i></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="color: #e06666; font-size: x-large;"><i><b>-hdmd</b></i></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
mrsdaaghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12806658424522320211noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2480191236790855425.post-37655794404096963752015-02-27T18:30:00.003-08:002015-02-27T18:30:52.771-08:00" How technology helps me on my job"<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Technology </b>is the purposeful application of information in the design, production, and utilization of goods and services, and in the organization of human activities</span></div>
<div>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>- (business dictionary.com)</b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><div style="text-align: justify;">
with the above definition of technology, i can say that everything you need, every information that you want to learn and explore are on the palm of your hand serve in a silver platter. it only means that the hindrance to technology is not technology itself but our own limitation. the way we research, the way we innovate ourselves, the way we think outside the box and the way on how we embrace the fast facing change. therefore it only means one thing, the only way to cope up with technology it to let ourselves go with the flow, go with the change.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
as a student of m.s. in animal science , i am taking this technology as a means to make my assignments and researches easier, it makes my work a lot presentable and creative. with further exploration, i am enhancing my skills and creativity with applications develop to enhance my talent.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
as an educator, this technology were able to provide a good support for my students, especially with limited number of resources (i.e. books, journal, etc). incorporating technology in my class eases the way of presenting the subject matter and saves time, instead of using chalk in writing, you can present it with power point and discuss it right away. in this manner, the students can learn more, gain more from the subject i taught.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
as an entrepreneur, technology gives a free advertisement on social media. having account on several network sites enables me to reach my client on faraway areas. Anyway, in this area there are lot of things to explore especially that i'm new in this venture.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
i know that defining technology is a lot more than this, but i guess for me this is technology is all about and this is how it helps me in my job.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10px; line-height: 14px;">Read more: </span></span><a href="http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/technology.html#ixzz3T426oyT3" style="color: #003399; font-family: Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/technology.html#ixzz3T426oyT3</a></span></div>
mrsdaaghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12806658424522320211noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2480191236790855425.post-73372812456171236312015-02-23T23:12:00.001-08:002015-02-23T23:47:50.156-08:00Online Learning: Towards Enabling Choice<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Computer technology has made a significant impact in many areas of teaching and learning. The introduction
of desktop computers, word-processing packages and presentation preparation
tools has improved greatly the quality of the material presented to students and
used in lectures. The use of simple database packages and spreadsheets has
improved and simplified record keeping at all levels within education. However,
the most significant impact has come through the use of supportive learning
mechanisms such as computer-aided learning (CAL), computer-based training (CBT)
and online learning. These technologies make use of various forms of
interactivity to engage the student in effective, and often novel, learning
experiences, <w:sdt citation="t" id="-1030572194"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Lei95 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Leidner & Jarvenpaa, 1995)<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>;<w:sdt citation="t" id="95918308"><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
CITATION Ala97 \l 1033 <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]--> (Alavi, Yoo,
& Vogel, 1997)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>
. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">The terms
used to refer to the use of computers in education are many and in some cases have
conflicting and inconsistent use. Terms include: - computer aided learning,
web-based learning, computer managed instruction distance learning, online
learning, etc. <w:sdt citation="t" id="-420570224"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Smi99 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Smith, 1999)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>;
<w:sdt citation="t" id="-1304687093"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Gar85 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Garrison, 1985)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>. Many of these terms have considerable
underpinnings while others are relatively new and are the subject of ongoing
research. The focus of this paper lies with the application of computer and
communications technologies in general and while these technologies can be
included under this umbrella, they are not examined individually. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Bates <w:sdt citation="t" id="-520079640"><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Bat95 \l
1033 <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Bates, 1995)<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt> highlights the
following criteria for assessing the properties of different learning
technologies:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Access</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – how easy
is it for learners to access the technology?
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Costs</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – what is
the economics of using the new structure – the unit cost per learner? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Teaching and Learning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> - what
approaches to learning are appropriate - what are the pedagogical strengths and
weaknesses of different technologies? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Interactivity</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – what type
of interaction does the technology support? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Organization</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – what
changes in the organization need to be made before the technology can be used
successfully? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Novelty</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – how new
is the technology? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Speed</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> – how
quickly can courses be mounted and updated with this technology?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">While there
is general agreement that the use of computer and communication technology
greatly improves access to learning, evidence of its cost or pedagogical
advantage is less obvious. Evaluation efforts into pedagogic issues seek to
establish an educational basis for the activity either by empirical measurement
or by reflexively evaluating products with a view to their improvement.
Economic evaluation on the other hand tries to assess the overall impact of the
technology in terms of its viability by comparison with traditional methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Learning is a complex process
that is modeled by educational theories and can be measured using a variety of
reasonably objective methodologies. Educators are applying these theories to
new technologies and have tried to use evaluative processes to gauge the
ability of educational theory to model the learning engendered by them. The
empirical evaluations of some new technologies have shown no clear evidence for
greater efficiency of learning than conventional methods. The process of
learning aided by computer technology is not completely understood, neither is
it clear how it should be evaluated? Despite this unclear link between
educational theory and new practices, the implementation of computer technology
can be very successful when handled by educators who are experienced in
applying educational theory in practical situations. By contrast, there are
many circumstances where the implementation of new technology systems can be
seen to be damaging. We have observed that educational management has a
tendency to perceive new online forms of learning principally as a solution to
globalization and efficiency problems and not a tool to be used if and only if the
right pedagogical conditions exist. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bibliography<o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>BIBLIOGRAPHY <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Alavi,
M., Yoo, Y., & Vogel, D. R. (1997). Using Information Technology to Add
Value to Management Education. <i>Academy of Management Journal</i>, 40 (6)
1310-1333.<o:p></o:p><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Bates, A. W. (1995). <i>Technology, Open LEarning and
Distance Education.</i> London, Routledge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Garrison, R. D. (1985). Three Generations of
Technological Innovations in Distance Education, Distance Education.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Leidner, D. E., & Jarvenpaa, S. L. (1995). The Use of
Information Technology to Enhance Management School Education: A Theoretical
View. MIS Quarterly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Smith, L. T. (1999). A Taxonomy of Computer Usage in
Training and Education. <i>In Proceedings of the IASTED International
Conference Computers and Technology in Education</i>, (pp. 190-193).
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<w:sdt docparttype="Bibliographies" docpartunique="t" id="1596525064" sdtdocpart="t">
<w:sdt bibliography="t" id="111145805">
</w:sdt></w:sdt>
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
mrsdaaghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12806658424522320211noreply@blogger.com0